- v🗗 Introductory 1
- Authorities Quoted 3
- Alphabet 10
- I. Names and Habitat 11
- Names 11
- Ancient Habitat 12
- Present Habitat 14
- Neighboring Tribes 16
- Character of the Country 23
- Camps and Villages 25
- II. General Characteristics 33
- Appearance 33
- Mixture with other Tribes 35
- Fertility 35
- Birth and Childhood 36
- Extreme Age 37
- The Senses 38
- Cleanliness 40
- Diseases 40
- Mental Traits 44
- Seasons 51
- Language 52
- III. Trade 53
- Ancient Trade 53
- Trade with Russians 55
- Anui Fair 56
- Other Fairs 58
- Routes 58
- Tobacco and Brick-Tea 59
- Spirits 60
- Trade with Whalers 61
- Trade in Reindeer 64
- Inland Trade 65
- Units and Prices 67
- IV. Reindeer-Breeding 70
- Groups of Reindeer-Breeders 70
- Beginning of Koryak and Chukchee Reindeer-Breeding 71
- Increase of Chukchee Reindeer-Breeding 72
- Domesticated Reindeer 73
- The Herdsman's Work 82
- Reindeer-Driving 85
- Economical Value of Reindeer-Breeding 95
- vi🗗 V. Dog-Breeding 98
- Groups of Dog-Breeding Tribes 98
- Domestication of the Dog 100
- Dog-Driving 104
- VI. Hunting and Fishing; War 115
- Hunting and fishing 115
- Seal-Hunting 115
- Walrus and Whale Hunting 122
- Sealing-Nets 124
- Boats 126
- Hunting of Land-Game 132
- Traps 138
- Bird-Hunting 143
- Fishing 146
- War 151
- Bow and Arrows 151
- Fire-arms, Lances, and other Weapons 158
- Armor 161
- VII. Habitations; Household Utensils 169
- Habitations 169
- “Genuine House” 169
- House of the Reindeer Chukchee 169
- The Inner or Sleeping Room 170
- Movable House 175
- Winter House 175
- Summer House 177
- House of the Maritime Chukchee 178
- Hut 180
- Underground House 180
- Snow-House 183
- Cellars and Boat-Supports 183
- Household Utensils 184
- Furniture 184
- Lamp 184
- Kettle 186
- Bone-breaking Set 187
- Water-Supply 188
- Dishes, Bowls, etc. 188
- Bags 191
- VIII. Food 193
- Animal Food 193
- Methods of Cooking 193
- Raw and Putrid Meat and Carrion 194
- Taboos 196
- Vegetable Food 197
- Dishes 199
- Tea, Tobacco, and other Foods 199
- Intoxicants 205
- IX. Manufactures 209
- Work in Stone 209
- Work in Wood 210
- vii🗗 Work in Iron 215
- Woman's Work 216
- Tailor-Work 222
- Embroidery 226
- Baskets and Trinket-Boxes 228
- Thongs and Cords 228
- Fire-making Implements 230
- X. Clothing 234
- Winter Clothing for Men 234
- Winter Clothing for Women 244
- Summer Clothing 248
- Children's Clothing 251
- Loin-Breeches 252
- Hair-Dressing 253
- Tattooing 254
- Personal Adornment 256
- Snow-Goggles 260
- Snowshoes, Staffs, and Ice-Creepers 261
- XI. Games 264
- Athletic Sports 264
- Songs and Dances 268
- Children's Games, Toys, etc. 269
- XII. Religious Ideas 277
- Stages of Development of Primitive Religious Concepts 277
- Material Objects considered as Alive 280
- Animals as Men 283
- Owners or Masters 285
- Comparative Notes 290
- Ke'let 291
- Benevolent Beings 303
- Directions 303
- Sun and Moon 305
- Stars and Constellations 307
- Other “Beings” 314
- System of Winds 320
- Monsters 323
- Cosmogonical Beliefs 330
- Soul 332
- Regions of the Deceased 333
- XIII. Charms and Sacred Objects 338
- Amulets 338
- Wooden Spirits 340
- Guardians 341
- Beads 346
- Family Charms of the Reindeer Chukchee 348
- Hearth 348
- Wooden Fire-Tool 349
- Charm-Strings 353
- Drum 356
- House 358
- Care of Sacred Objects 358
- Painting with Blood 360
- Songs 361
- viii🗗 Charms of the Maritime Chukchee 362
- Family Charms 362
- Charms of the Boat 364
- Painting-Ceremony 365
- Masks 366
- Dolls 367
- XIV. Ceremonials 368
- Ceremonials of the Reindeer Chukchee 368
- Fall Slaughtering 372
- Winter Slaughtering 376
- Ceremonial of Antlers 377
- Sacrifice to the Young Moon 378
- Sacrifice to the Fire 378
- Sacrifice for Luck in Hunting 378
- Ceremonial connected with the Killing of Wild Reindeer-Bucks 379
- Thanksgiving Ceremonial 381
- Races 385
- Ceremonials of the Maritime Chukchee 385
- Ceremonial House 386
- Sacrifice to the Sea 388
- Fall Ceremonial 389
- Ceremonial of Kere'tkun 392
- Exchanging of Presents 399
- The Trading-Dance 400
- Ceremonials of Asiatic Eskimo 401
- Ceremonial of Ka'cak 401
- Eider-Duck Ceremonial 401
- Ceremonial of Going Around 402
- Dance of Exchange 403
- Ceremonial of Boats 403
- Ceremonial of Heads 405
- Sacrifice to the Fire 406
- Sacrifice to Pehi'ttin 406
- Ceremonial of Antlers 406
- Whale Ceremonial 406
- Tossing on Walrus-Hide 410
- Races 411
- Stuck-in Poles 412
- XV. Shamanism 413
- Family Shamanism 413
- Individual Shamanistic Inspiration 414
- Preparatory Period 415
- Psychology of the Shamans 426
- Classes of Shamanism 430
- Pay for Services of Shamans 432
- Preparation for Performance 432
- Shamanistic Performance in the Inner Room 433
- Ventriloquism and Other Tricks 435
- Magical Advice 439
- Trances 441
- Shamanistic Performance in the Outer Room 441
- Tricks performed in the Light 443
- ix🗗 Sexual Perversion and Transformed Shamans 448
- Shamanistic Garments 457
- Magic Medicine 460
- XVI. Protective and Aggressive Magic 469
- Incantations 469
- Spells 480
- Divination 484
- Dreams 490
- Omens 491
- Taboos 491
- Translations of Incantations 496
- XVII. Birth and Death 509
- Birth 509
- Blood-Painting 511
- Protecting-Incantation 512
- Exposure of Infants 513
- Names 514
- Death 516
- Deceased as Protectors 516
- Deceased as Enemies 517
- Funeral, Reindeer Chukchee 519
- Dressing of the Dead Body 521
- Divination 522
- Exposing of the Body 526
- Protecting-Incantations 528
- Visit to the Funeral-Place 530
- Burning 532
- Sacrifice to the Dead 533
- Funeral, Maritime Chukchee 534
- XVIII. Organization of Family and Family-Group 537
- Man in the Family 537
- System of Relationship 537
- The Family-Group 541
- Family 544
- Position of Old People 544
- Position of Women 546
- Position of Children 552
- Adoption 556
- Voluntary Death 560
- XIX. Marriage 569
- Marriage among the Reindeer Chukchee 569
- Chastity of Women 571
- Violence on Women 573
- Marriage between Relatives 576
- Marriage between Persons of Disproportionate Ages 578
- Serving for a Wife 579
- Adopted Sons-in-Law 586
- The Ravishing of Women 588
- Marriage by Flight 590
- Mixed Marriages 591
- The Marriage-Rite 595
- Marriage-Ruptures 596
- x🗗 Polygyny 598
- Group-Marriage 602
- Levirate 607
- Marriage among the Maritime Chukchee 609
- XX. Camp and Village 612
- The Camp of the Reindeer Chukchee 612
- The Master of the Camp 612
- Assistants 614
- Material Conditions 620
- Assistants of Alien Origin 623
- Paupers 624
- “Idle Wanderers” 625
- The Neighboring Camp 627
- The Village of the Maritime Chukchee 628
- The Boat-Crew 628
- Distribution of Products of the Hunt 631
- Paupers 634
- Wanderers 635
- Hospitality 636
- XXI. Strong Men, Warriors, Slaves 639
- “Strong Men” 639
- “Violent Men” 642
- Wars and Warriors 645
- Taˊn˙ñɪn Wars 646
- War Heroes 647
- Cossack Wars 651
- Eskimo Wars 654
- Tungus and Yukaghir Wars 657
- Intertribal Wars 657
- Slaves 659
- XXII. Law 662
- Council of the Family-Group 662
- Murder and Blood-Revenge within the Family-Group 662
- Murder and Blood-Revenge outside of the Family 664
- Weregild 669
- Minor Crimes 671
- Theft 674
- Laws regarding Property 676
- XXIII. Contact of the Chukchee with the Russians 680
- Discovery 680
- Wars 682
- Seventeenth Century Wars 682
- Wars in the Eighteenth Century 688
- Pavlutsky's Expedition 693
- Cessation of War 697
- Trade 699
- Opening of Trade on the Kolyma 699
- Anui Fair 700
- Chukchee Tribute and “Chukchee Presents” 701
- Regulations of Treskin 703
- Maydell's Reform 705
- xi🗗 Expansion of the Reindeer Chukchee and New Tribute 707
- Chief Officers of the Anadyr 709
- Trade in Alcohol 711
- General Character of Russian Administration 712
- Expenses 712
- Extortion 714
- Strange Reforms 715
- Relief of Famine 716
- Medical Succor 717
- Schools 720
- Scientific Expeditions 720
- General Character of Creole Population 721
- Greek Orthodox Mission 723
- Present State 727
- American Influence 730
- General Conclusions 732
Contents
The printed contents, over 7 leaves (1-007 — 1-013), given here as one document. The folio in the margin marks where each leaf begins and links to itself; the 🗗 beside it shows that leaf's scan.